Evidence-based summaries of vitamins, minerals, and their role in a healthy vegetarian diet. Data sourced from the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements and Open Food Facts.
Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body, essential for bone health, muscle function, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. Dairy is the richest source, but fortified plant foods and leafy greens are excellent alternatives.
Health benefits:Iron is essential for carrying oxygen in the blood via haemoglobin. Plant-based (non-haem) iron is absorbed less readily than haem iron, but absorption improves markedly when paired with vitamin C-rich foods such as peppers, citrus or tomatoes.
Health benefits:Magnesium is involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions, including muscle and nerve function, blood pressure regulation, and energy production. It is abundant in nuts, seeds, leafy greens, and whole grains.
Health benefits:Potassium is an essential mineral and electrolyte that helps regulate blood pressure, muscle contractions, and nerve signals. A potassium-rich diet is associated with lower blood pressure and reduced stroke risk.
Health benefits:Selenium is a trace mineral that functions as an antioxidant and supports immune and thyroid health. Brazil nuts are exceptionally rich, but just 1-2 nuts per day is sufficient; more can cause toxicity.
Health benefits:Zinc is a trace mineral essential for immune function, wound healing, growth, and DNA synthesis. Good vegetarian sources include seeds, legumes, nuts, dairy, oats and fortified cereals; soaking or sprouting pulses improves zinc absorption.
Health benefits:The UK reference figures the % on ingredient nutrition panels are calculated against. Tap any row for what that nutrient actually does.
| Nutrient | Adult reference | Type |
|---|---|---|
| Carbohydrate | 260.00g | Ref. intake |
| Energy | 2000.00kcal | Ref. intake |
| Fat | 70.00g | Ref. intake |
| Fibre | 30.00g | Guideline |
| of which saturates | 20.00g | Ref. intake |
| of which sugars | 90.00g | Ref. intake |
| Protein | 50.00g | RNI |
| Salt | 6.00g | Ref. intake |
| Calcium | 700.00mg | RNI |
| Copper | 1.20mg | RNI |
| Iodine | 140.00mcg | RNI |
| Iron | 14.80mg | RNI |
| Magnesium | 300.00mg | RNI |
| Phosphorus | 550.00mg | RNI |
| Potassium | 3500.00mg | RNI |
| Selenium | 75.00mcg | RNI |
| Zinc | 9.50mg | RNI |
| Vitamin A | 700.00mcg | RNI |
| Vitamin D | 10.00mcg | Guideline |
| Vitamin E | 12.00mg | Guideline |
| Folate | 200.00mcg | RNI |
| Niacin (B3) | 17.00mg | RNI |
| Riboflavin (B2) | 1.30mg | RNI |
| Thiamin (B1) | 1.00mg | RNI |
| Vitamin B12 | 1.50mcg | RNI |
| Vitamin B6 | 1.40mg | RNI |
| Vitamin C | 40.00mg | RNI |
| Omega-3 | 0.45g | Guideline |
Figures are the UK Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI) for a typical adult where one exists; otherwise the UK Reference Intake or a UK dietary guideline figure.